Adam West
Small-Business Columnist
BBA Finance
Adam West is a small-business columnist covering taxes, payroll, and small-business finance. Adam has written hundreds of explainers helping workers and employers make sense of the rules.
Articles by Adam
When Do You Have to Declare Tips? The IRS Rules Explained
The IRS $20 rule, the 10th-of-the-month deadline, and the 50% penalty for unreported tips — explained simply.
How to Fill Out Form 4137: Step-by-Step (2025)
Form 4137 computes the 7.65% FICA share on unreported and allocated tips. Here's every line, step by step.
Reporting Cash Tips: Rules for Tipped Employees and Employers
How to report cash tips: the $20 rule, the 10th-of-the-month deadline, what counts as a cash tip (card tips included), Form 4137, and the employer's W-2 du
TTOC Penalties 2026: What Happens If You Report the Wrong Code?
Missing or incorrect TTOC codes on W-2 forms can cost $60–$680 per form. Here's the full penalty structure, key deadlines, and how to avoid fines.